c) The fresh eastern Jewish languages display numerous keeps: best fret (1), transform out-of [Theta] to at least one (4), reinterpretation off verb group as the figure (5), and you may reflexive pronouns according to nos- (17). These are areal has and therefore period might separate anywhere between Halabja on the one-hand and you can Koy Sanjaq and you will Azerbaijan to your other. It is not obvious in which dialect every one of them develop, however they are likely borrowed from just one into the someone else and not handed down in accordance.
This type of about three biggest clusters off isoglosses represent merely a small part of the facts that’s taken to sustain to your taxonomy of NENA dialects. Hoberman (1988, 573), playing with evidence out of pronouns, shows the clear presence of a north Iraqi dialect category (here depicted by the Zakho, Tisqopa, and you can Aradhin) which cannot be perceived according to the limited research shown here. What is needed now is one another fuller definitions of languages already noted, so that more widespread and you may pinpointing qualities exists, and possess field-work in order to checklist the many languages which happen to be with the brink away from extinction.
step 1 Thanks a lot are caused by those who shared study and suggestions, such Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you can Jo Rubba. Elizabeth.H. summer stipend.
Including, f and you may g was employed in the conditions www.datingranking.net/cs/match-recenze particularly etrog ‘citron’ and you will sefer ‘scroll of one’s law’, where throughout the inherited Aramaic words f could have end up being p and you can grams would have vanished
3 Garbell (1964, 100-103) states that the audio system away from Jewish Azerbaiaic out of Kurdish. The lady primary facts for it is the enunciation away from Hebrew mortgage-terminology contained in this dialect. Hebrew loanwords for the Jewish Azerbaijani maintain certain audio which have been deleted or matched with people on the preferred Neo-Aramaic vocabulary. Garbell claims why these retentions establish these Hebrew terms and conditions was in fact lent to start with in Kurdish, hence a group of Kurdish audio system later shifted so you’re able to Neo-Aramaic. It looks probably be that Hebrew issues in the dialect didn’t take part in new voice alterations in concern due to the special religious sign in to which it fall-in. They could need altered after which come restored on base of one’s traditional enunciation out-of nearby organizations.
cuatro An increasing + implies that next term try pronounced on the suprasegmental ability ’emphasis’ which is receive somewhat in most NENA dialects. Phonetically, stress try cutting-edge, but the number 1 part was velarization, and is often as a result of the current presence of the newest emphatic consonants t and you will s.
7 On the dialect off Tyari [Theta] will will get s. That it dialect, that has been spoken in advance of 1915 inside a city out of Hakkari, is not discussed here once the content inside is decreased.
8 This isn’t obvious if this form can be found inside the the brand new Halabja dialect. My informants following that know they, but told you it actually was alot more characteristic of one’s nearby town of Suleimaniya. In any case, it’s not familiar on dialect of the Jews out-of Sanandaj.
nine Robert Hoberman ways in my opinion your NENA variations will get have originated in a keen unattested metathesized age[Theta]strip ezdi.
Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. Inside Bono Homini Donum: Essays for the Historic Linguistics in Memories away from J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and Allan Roentgen. Bomhard. Amsterdam Training on the Idea and you may Reputation for Linguistic Science, collection IV. Most recent Affairs when you look at the Linguistic Principle sixteen. Area II, 613-forty two. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
An inquiry with the Development of one’s Middle Aramaic Languages
Garbell, Irene. 1964. Apartment Terminology and Syllables from inside the Jewish Eastern The new Aramaic away from Persian Azerbaijan in addition to Continguous Areas (An issue of Multilingualism). Within the Studies from inside the Egyptology and Linguistics in honor of H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society.
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